After a summer of historic tumult, the path to the presidency for Donald Trump and Kamala Harris this fall is becoming much clearer.
The Democrat vice president and the Republican former president will devote almost all of their remaining time and resources to just seven states.
They will spend hundreds of millions of dollars targeting voters who, in many cases, have just begun to pay attention to the election. And their campaigns will try to focus their messages on three familiar issues — the economy, immigration, and abortion — even amid heated debates over character, culture, and democracy.
The candidates will debate in one week, on Sept. 10, in what will be their first meeting ever. The nation’s premier swing state, Pennsylvania, begins in-person absentee voting the week after. By the end of the month, early voting will be underway in at least four states, with a dozen more to follow by mid-October.
In 63 days, the final votes will be cast to decide which one of them will lead the world’s most powerful nation.
Privately, at least, both camps acknowledge that victory is no sure thing as they begin the eight-week sprint to Election Day. Harris and Trump are neck and neck in most national polls conducted since President Joe Biden ended his reelection campaign.
The Harris campaign still put out a memo over the weekend casting itself as “the clear underdogs” in the contest.
“There’s not a scenario here that’s easy,” Harris senior adviser David Plouffe said in an interview. “The pathway to beating Donald Trump, the pathway to 270 electoral votes for Kamala Harris, is exceedingly hard, but doable. And that’s just a reality.”
Trump, meanwhile, rejects any indicators that suggest Harris is ahead even as he lashes out at her, declaring that “our country is finished” if she wins.
“As we move past Labor Day, we will really get into the time where voters start to harden their opinions,” said James Blair, the Trump campaign's political director. “We feel pretty good about things. We feel energized. Our people are energized. But there’s certainly plenty of work to be done.”
Just over a month ago, Trump allies suggested Democrat-leaning states like Minnesota, Virginia, or even New Jersey might be in play. Neither side appears to believe that is still the case on Labor Day weekend.
In replacing Biden as the party's nominee, Harris breathed some new life into the Democrats’ political prospects, especially across the Sun Belt states of Arizona, Georgia, Nevada, and North Carolina. All four states have significant numbers of African Americans and Latinos, traditionally Democrat constituencies who were down nationally on Biden but appear to have come home to rally behind Harris.
South Carolina Sen. Lindsey Graham was among the senior GOP officials who brokered a peace between Trump and Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp, whose feud threatened to undermine the Republican effort in the state. Graham told The Associated Press he was worried about Georgia's shift leftward.
“Trump was up 5 or 6 points, and all over the course of a month it’s become much more competitive,” he said.
Republican pollster Paul Schumaker, an adviser to North Carolina Sen. Thom Tillis, said even a slight uptick in the Black vote has the potential to give Harris the edge in North Carolina, pointing to Mecklenberg County, the home of the Charlotte metro area, but also fast-growing counties such as Durham and Wake.
“If Kamala Harris could get them to turn out at the rate of Republicans in rural North Carolina, game over for Republicans,” Schumaker said of Black voters.
At the same time, Trump is on offense in the Midwestern battlegrounds of Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, which form the so-called Democrat “blue wall” that he narrowly carried in 2016 and barely lost in 2020.
Those seven states — in addition to swing districts in Nebraska and Maine that each award single Electoral College votes — will draw virtually all of the candidates’ attention and resources over the next eight weeks.
Trump is investing more advertising dollars in Pennsylvania than any other state through Election Day.
A Trump victory in Pennsylvania alone would make it much more difficult for Harris to earn the 270 electoral votes needed to win the presidency. Harris' team insists she has multiple pathways to victory.
In the fight to frame the election on the air and reach voters in person, Democrats currently have a decided advantage.
Harris’ team is on pace to outspend Trump’s camp 2-to-1 in television advertising over the next two months. And even before Biden made way for Harris, the Democrats wielded superior campaign infrastructure in the states that matter most.
Harris’ team, which includes her campaign and an allied super PAC, have more than $280 million in television and radio reservations for the period between Tuesday and Election Day, according to the media tracking firm AdImpact. Trump’s team, by contrast, has $133 million reserved for the final stretch, although that number is expected to grow.
Trump’s side is narrowly outspending Harris’ on the airwaves in Pennsylvania, where both sides will spend more than $146 million between Tuesday and Nov. 5, according to AdImpact, a figure that dwarfs that of any other state. Georgia is drawing nearly $80 million in ad spending over the campaign’s final eight weeks.
But in the other five battleground states, Harris largely has the airwaves largely to herself so far.
Trump and his allied super PACs have made only marginal ad reservations in Michigan, Arizona, Wisconsin, North Carolina, and Nevada to date. Harris’ team is investing at least $21 million in each of the five states, according to an AdImpact analysis.
Harris’ team also has more than 300 coordinated offices and 2,000 staff on the ground in swing states, according to her campaign’s weekend memo. Trump’s campaign has a few dozen dedicated offices, relying instead on outside groups to ensure their supporters show up on Election Day.
Blair, the Trump campaign’s political director, disputes that Democrats have a big organizing advantage.The outside allies that will organize for Trump are well-funded, including a new effort backed by billionaire Elon Musk.
Both candidates are locked in close races across the seven top swing states. Democratic pollster John Anzalone said Harris “put the Democrats back in the game to where it’s kind of a toss-up.”
But now comes the hard part, Anzalone said.
“Post Labor Day, when the bell rings, there is a battle for a slim universe of — you can call them anything you want: persuasion voters, swing voters, independent voters — and it’s pretty small, and that’s where each side gets a billion dollars," Anzalone said.
Many independents appear to find both candidates unsatisfying, according to an AP-NORC poll conducted in August.
For now, Harris also has a slight advantage on some key traits among independents, while she and Trump are about even on others.
For example, about 3 in 10 independents say that “honest” describes Harris better, while about 2 in 10 say it describes Trump better. About 3 in 10 also say that “committed to democracy” describes Harris better, while less than 2 in 10 say it describes Trump better.
The candidates were about equally likely to be perceived by independents as capable of winning the election, capable of handling a crisis, and “caring about people like you.”
The race may ultimately be decided by whichever candidate can most successfully cast themselves as the “change candidate” given that about 7 in 10 voters say the country is heading in the wrong direction, based on an AP-NORC poll conducted in late July after Biden withdrew from the race.
Trump was the face of change when he won the 2016 election. And even after serving in the White House for four years, he continues to energize millions of frustrated voters who embrace his brash leadership style and unwillingness to follow the traditional rules of politics.
Harris has been Biden's vice president for nearly four years, yet the historic nature of her candidacy — if elected, she would be the first woman president — allows her to make a convincing case that she represents a new direction for the country, said veteran Democrat strategist James Carville.