Using a statistical method known as factor analysis, researchers have found that most individuals’ personality traits fall into one of five major groups, or the “Big Five” personality domains:

1. Extraversion. People who score high in this domain tend to be outgoing, energetic, and comfortable in social situations. Extroverts are assertive, bold, and talkative, but some take unnecessary risks.

2. Openness. People who are open enjoy adventures and challenges. They tend to be creative and imaginative and like intellectual stimulation.

3. Emotional stability. This personality trait is the opposite of the moody, high-strung, and temperamental features of neuroticism. Emotionally stable people are calm, relaxed, and self-confident.

4. Agreeableness. These friendly, sympathetic, and warm people are pleasant to be around and generally considerate of others. But those who are too agreeable may be taken advantage of.

5. Conscientiousness. People who are conscientious tend to be neat, organized, and efficient. You can rely on them to get things done, but too much of this trait can predispose a person to obsessive-compulsive behaviors.

Many people find that one or more of their character traits holds them back in life, or has a negative impact on their overall satisfaction. Scientific evidence indicates that your personality predicts many life outcomes, including physical health, relationships, career success, and financial security.

Personality also influences life expectancy. For instance, extroverts — who tend to be friendlier and more socially connected — live longer than introverts.